lvs与keepalived结合实现负载均衡配置实战

发布时间:2021-01-20编辑:脚本学堂
lvs与keepalived结合实现负载均衡配置实战,非常实有的有关负载均衡的文章,走过路过的朋友,千万不可错过。

lvs与keepalived结合实现负载均衡配置实战,非常实有的有关负载均衡的文章,走过路过的朋友,千万不可错过。

一、负载均衡
1、系统高可用性
2、系统可扩展性
3、负载均衡能力

LVS+keepalived能很好的实现以上的要求,LVS提供负载均衡,keepalived提供健康检查,故障转移,提高系统的可用性。
采用这样的架构以后很容易对现有系统进行扩展,只要在后端添加或者减少realserver,只要更改lvs的配置文件,并能实现无缝配置变更。

二、LVS+Keepalived介绍
1、LVS
LVS是一个开源的软件,可以实现linux平台下的简单负载均衡。LVS是Linux Virtual Server的缩写,意思是Linux虚拟服务器。目前有三种IP负载均衡技术(VS/NAT、VS/TUN和VS/DR);八种调度算法(rr,wrr,lc,wlc,lblc,lblcr,dh,sh)。

2、keepalived
Keepalived 是运行在lvs 之上,它的主要功能是实现真实机的故障隔离及负载均衡器间的失败切换,提高系统的可用性

三、LVS+keepalived负载均衡架构图
lvs

四、LVS+keepalived的安装和配置
1.配置环境
 操作系统:centos release 5.4
 所需软件:ipvsadm-1.24.tar.gz, keepalived-1.1.19.tar.gz

2.信息列表

名称 IP
LVS-Master 192.168.1.112
LVS-BACKUP 192.168.1.113
LVS-VIP 192.168.1.115
Realserver1 192.168.1.105
Realserver2 192.168.1.103
Realserver3 192.168.1.104

3.安装lvs
分别在backup lvs和master lvs上安装
复制代码 代码如下:
wget http://www.linuxvirtualserver.org/software/kernel-2.6/ipvsadm-1.24.tar.gz
ln -s /usr/src/kernels/2.6.18-164.el5-i686/ /usr/src/linux
tar zxvf ipvsadm-1.24.tar.gz
cd ipvsadm-1.24
make && make install

4. 安装keepalived
分别在backup lvs和master lvs上安装
 

复制代码 代码如下:
wget http://www.keepalived.org/software/keepalived-1.1.19.tar.gz
tar zxvf keepalived-1.1.19.tar.gz
cd keepalived-1.1.19
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/keepalived
make
make install
cp /usr/local/keepalived/sbin/keepalived /usr/sbin/
cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/sysconfig/keepalived /etc/sysconfig/
cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/rc.d/init.d/keepalived /etc/init.d/
mkdir /etc/keepalived

5. 配置keepadlived
LVS-Master的配置文件如下:
[root@linux5 ~]# cat /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
 

复制代码 代码如下:

global_defs {
notification_email {
         admin@jb200.com    #email 通知
        }
        notification_email_from admin@jb200.com
        smtp_server 127.0.0.1
        smtp_connect_timeout 30
        router_id LVS1          # 设置lvs的id,在一个网络内应该是唯一的
}

vrrp_sync_group test {           #设置vrrp组
group {
        loadbalance
}
}

vrrp_instance loadbalance {
        state MASTER       #设置lvs的状态,报错MASTER和BACKUP两种,必须大写
        interface eth0     #设置对外服务的接口
        lvs_sync_daemon_inteface eth0   #设置lvs监听的接口
        virtual_router_id 51            #设置虚拟路由表示
        priority 180           #设置优先级,数值越大,优先级越高
        advert_int 5           #设置同步时间间隔
authentication {               #设置验证类型和密码
        auth_type PASS
        auth_pass 1111
}

virtual_ipaddress {    #设置lvs vip
        192.168.1.115
}
}
 
virtual_server 192.168.1.115 80 {
        delay_loop 6          #健康检查时间间隔
        lb_algo rr            #负载均衡调度算法
        lb_kind DR            #负载均衡转发规则
        #persistence_timeout 20  #设置会话保持时间,对bbs等很有用
        protocol TCP                #协议
        real_server 192.168.1.105 80 {
        weight 3                #设置权重
        TCP_CHECK {
        connect_timeout 3
        nb_get_retry 3
        delay_before_retry 3
        connect_port 80
}
}
        real_server 192.168.1.103 80 {
        weight 3
        TCP_CHECK {
        connect_timeout 3
        nb_get_retry 3
        delay_before_retry 3
        connect_port 80
}
}
        real_server 192.168.1.104 80 {
        weight 3
        TCP_CHECK {
        connect_timeout 3
        nb_get_retry 3
        delay_before_retry 3
        connect_port 80
}
}
}

LVS-backup的配置文件如下:
 

复制代码 代码如下:

global_defs {
notification_email {
         admin@jb200.com
        }
        notification_email_from admin@jb200.com
        smtp_server 127.0.0.1
        smtp_connect_timeout 30
        router_id LVS2
}

vrrp_sync_group test {
group {
        loadbalance
}
}

vrrp_instance loadbalance {
        state BACKUP
        interface eth0
        lvs_sync_daemon_inteface eth0
        virtual_router_id 51
        priority 150
        advert_int 5

authentication {
        auth_type PASS
        auth_pass 1111
}

virtual_ipaddress {
        192.168.1.115
}
}

virtual_server 192.168.1.115 80 {
        delay_loop 6
        lb_algo rr
        lb_kind DR
        #persistence_timeout 20
        protocol TCP
        real_server 192.168.1.105 80 {
        weight 3
        TCP_CHECK {
        connect_timeout 3
        nb_get_retry 3
        delay_before_retry 3
        connect_port 80
}
}
        real_server 192.168.1.103 80 {
        weight 3
        TCP_CHECK {
        connect_timeout 3
        nb_get_retry 3
        delay_before_retry 3
        connect_port 80
}
}
        real_server 192.168.1.104 80 {
        weight 3
        TCP_CHECK {
        connect_timeout 3
        nb_get_retry 3
        delay_before_retry 3
        connect_port 80
}
}
}

6. Realserver的配置
三台客户端的脚本都一样!

cat /etc/rc.d/init.d/realserver.sh
 

复制代码 代码如下:

#!/bin/bash
# description: Config realserver lo and apply noarp

SNS_VIP=192.168.1.115
/etc/rc.d/init.d/functions

case "$1" in
start)
       ifconfig lo:0 $SNS_VIP netmask 255.255.255.255 broadcast $SNS_VIP
       /sbin/route add -host $SNS_VIP dev lo:0
       echo "1" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_ignore
       echo "2" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_announce
       echo "1" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_ignore
       echo "2" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_announce
       sysctl -p >/dev/null 2>&1
       echo "RealServer Start OK"
       ;;
stop)
       ifconfig lo:0 down
       route del $SNS_VIP >/dev/null 2>&1
       echo "0" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_ignore
       echo "0" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_announce
       echo "0" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_ignore
       echo "0" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_announce
       echo "RealServer Stoped"
       ;;
*)
       echo "Usage: $0 {start|stop}"
       exit 1
esac
exit 0

7.测试
1)首先测试各个readserver,确定各个readserver都能正常访问,测试realserver.sh脚本,看启动后能不能绑定lvs vip,停止后能不能去除绑定的vip
2)测试lvs能否进行负载均衡转发,利用ipvsadm命令查看,如果想只当当前的请求转发到哪个服务器去了,可以用ipvsadm加选项来查看,其完整形式为:ipvsadm –lcn | grep 192.168.1.115
3)停掉主lvs看lvs backup是否接管!
4)更详细信息请查看日志,tail -f /var/log/messages