getopts命令行选项与参数处理教程

#!/bin/bash
########  proc defination  #######
# ignore rule
ignore_init()
{
 # ignore password
 array_ignore_pwd_length=0
 if [ -f ./ignore_pwd ]; then
  while read IGNORE_PWD
  do
   array_ignore_pwd[$array_ignore_pwd_length]=$IGNORE_PWD
   let array_ignore_pwd_length=$array_ignore_pwd_length+1
  done < ./ignore_pwd
 fi

 # ignore ip address
 array_ignore_ip_length=0
 if [ -f ./ignore_ip ]; then
  while read IGNORE_IP
  do
   array_ignore_ip[$array_ignore_ip_length]=$IGNORE_IP
   let array_ignore_ip_length=$array_ignore_ip_length+1
  done < ./ignore_ip
 fi
}

show_version()
{
 echo "version: 1.0"
 echo "updated date: 2014-01-09"
}

show_usage()
{
 echo -e "`printf %-16s "Usage: $0"` [-h|--help]"
 echo -e "`printf %-16s ` [-v|-V|--version]"
 echo -e "`printf %-16s ` [-l|--iplist ... ]"
 echo -e "`printf %-16s ` [-c|--config ... ]"
 echo -e "`printf %-16s ` [-t|--sshtimeout ... ]"
 echo -e "`printf %-16s ` [-T|--fttimeout ... ]"
 echo -e "`printf %-16s ` [-L|--bwlimit ... ]"
 echo -e "`printf %-16s ` [-n|--ignore]"
 #echo "ignr_flag: 'ignr'-some ip will be ignored; otherwise-all ip will be handled"
}

# Default Parameters
myIFS=":::"     # 配置文件中的分隔符

TOOLDIR=/root/scripts
cd $TOOLDIR

IPLIST="iplist.txt"       # IP列表，格式为IP 端口 用户名 密码
CONFIG_FILE="config.txt"  # 命令列表和文件传送配置列表，关键字为com:::和file:::
IGNRFLAG="noignr"         # 如果置为ignr，则脚本会进行忽略条件的判断
SSHTIMEOUT=100     # 远程命令执行相关操作的超时设定，单位为秒
SCPTIMEOUT=2000    # 文件传送相关操作的超时设定，单位为秒
BWLIMIT=1024000    # 文件传送的带宽限速，单位为kbit/s

# 入口参数分析
TEMP=`getopt -o hvVl:c:t:T:L:n --long help,version,iplist:,config:,sshtimeout:,fttimeout:,bwlimit:,ignore -- "$@" 2>/dev/null`

[ $? != 0 ] && echo -e "33[31mERROR: unknown argument! 33[0mn" && show_usage && exit 1

# 会将符合getopt参数规则的参数摆在前面，其他摆在后面，并在最后面添加--
eval set -- "$TEMP"

while :
do
 [ -z "$1" ] && break;
 case "$1" in
  -h|--help)
   show_usage; exit 0
   ;;
  -v|-V|--version)
   show_version; exit 0
   ;;
  -l|--iplist)
   IPLIST=$2; shift 2
   ;;
  -c|--config)
   CONFIG_FILE=$2; shift 2
   ;;
  -t|--sshtimeout)
   SSHTIMEOUT=$2; shift 2
   ;;
  -T|--fttimeout)
   SCPTIMEOUT=$2; shift 2
   ;;
  -L|--bwlimit)
   BWLIMIT=$2; shift 2
   ;;
  -n|--ignore)
   IGNRFLAG="ignr"; shift
   ;;
  --)
   shift
   ;;
  *)
   echo -e "33[31mERROR: unknown argument! 33[0mn" && show_usage && exit 1
   ;;
 esac
done

################  main  #######################
BEGINDATETIME=`date "+%F %T"`
[ ! -f $IPLIST ] && echo -e "33[31mERROR: iplist "$IPLIST" not exists, please check! 33[0mn" && exit 1

[ ! -f $CONFIG_FILE ] && echo -e "33[31mERROR: config "$CONFIG_FILE" not exists, please check! 33[0mn" && exit 1

echo
echo "You are using:"
echo -e "`printf %-16s ""$CONFIG_FILE""` ---- as your config"
echo -e "`printf %-16s ""$IPLIST""` ---- as your iplist"
echo -e "`printf %-16s ""$SSHTIMEOUT""` ---- as your ssh timeout"
echo -e "`printf %-16s ""$SCPTIMEOUT""` ---- as your scp timeout"
echo -e "`printf %-16s ""$BWLIMIT""` ---- as your bwlimit"
echo -e "`printf %-16s ""$IGNRFLAG""` ---- as your ignore flag"
echo

[ -f ipnologin.txt ] && rm -f ipnologin.txt
IPSEQ=0
while read IP PORT USER PASSWD PASSWD_2ND PASSWD_3RD PASSWD_4TH OTHERS
do
 [ -z "`echo $IP | grep -E '^[0-9]{1,3}.[0-9]{1,3}.[0-9]{1,3}.[0-9]{1,3}'`" ] && continue
 [ "`python $TOOLDIR/ckssh.py $IP $PORT`" == 'no' ] && echo "$IP" >> ipnologin.txt && continue

 let IPSEQ=$IPSEQ+1

 # 如果启用了忽略，则进入忽略流程
 if [ $IGNRFLAG == "ignr" ]; then
  ignore_init
  ignored_flag=0

  i=0
  while [ $i -lt $array_ignore_pwd_length ]
  do
   [ ${PASSWD}x == ${array_ignore_pwd[$i]}x ] && ignored_flag=1 && break
   let i=$i+1
  done

  [ $ignored_flag -eq 1 ] && continue

  j=0
  while [ $j -lt $array_ignore_ip_length ]
  do
   [ ${IP}x == ${array_ignore_ip[$j]}x ] && ignored_flag=1 && break
   let j=$j+1
  done

  [ $ignored_flag -eq 1 ] && continue

 fi

 ####### Try password from here ####
 for PW in $PASSWD $PASSWD_2ND $PASSWD_3RD $PASSWD_4TH
 do
  PASSWD_USE=$PW
  $TOOLDIR/ssh.exp $IP $USER $PW $PORT true $SSHTIMEOUT
  [ $? -eq 0 ] && PASSWD_USE=$PW && break
 done

 # 针对一个$IP，执行配置文件中的一整套操作
 while read eachline
 do
  # 必须以com或file开头
  [ -z "`echo $eachline | grep -E '^com|^file'`" ] && continue

  myKEYWORD=`echo $eachline | linuxjishu/13830.html target=_blank class=infotextkey>awk -F"$myIFS" '{ print $1 }'`
  myCONFIGLINE=`echo $eachline | awk -F"$myIFS" '{ print $2 }'`

  # 对配置文件中的预定义的可扩展特殊字符串进行扩展
  # 关键字#IP#，用$IP进行替换
  if [ ! -z "`echo "$myCONFIGLINE" | grep '#IP#'`" ]; then
   myCONFIGLINE_temp=`echo $myCONFIGLINE | sed "s/#IP#/$IP/g"`
   myCONFIGLINE=$myCONFIGLINE_temp
  fi

  # 时间相关关键字，用当前时间进行替换
  if [ ! -z "`echo "$myCONFIGLINE" | grep '#YYYY#'`" ]; then
   myYEAR=`date +%Y`
   myCONFIGLINE_temp=`echo $myCONFIGLINE | sed "s/#YYYY#/$myYEAR/g"`
   myCONFIGLINE=$myCONFIGLINE_temp
  fi

  if [ ! -z "`echo "$myCONFIGLINE" | grep '#MM#'`" ]; then
   myMONTH=`date +%m`
   myCONFIGLINE_temp=`echo $myCONFIGLINE | sed "s/#MM#/$myMONTH/g"`
   myCONFIGLINE=$myCONFIGLINE_temp
  fi

  if [ ! -z "`echo "$myCONFIGLINE" | grep '#DD#'`" ]; then
   myDATE=`date +%d`
   myCONFIGLINE_temp=`echo $myCONFIGLINE | sed "s/#DD#/$myDATE/g"`
   myCONFIGLINE=$myCONFIGLINE_temp
  fi

  if [ ! -z "`echo "$myCONFIGLINE" | grep '#hh#'`" ]; then
   myHOUR=`date +%H`
   myCONFIGLINE_temp=`echo $myCONFIGLINE | sed "s/#hh#/$myHOUR/g"`
   myCONFIGLINE=$myCONFIGLINE_temp
  fi

  if [ ! -z "`echo "$myCONFIGLINE" | grep '#mm#'`" ]; then
   myMINUTE=`date +%M`
   myCONFIGLINE_temp=`echo $myCONFIGLINE | sed "s/#mm#/$myMINUTE/g"`
   myCONFIGLINE=$myCONFIGLINE_temp
  fi

  if [ ! -z "`echo "$myCONFIGLINE" | grep '#ss#'`" ]; then
   mySECOND=`date +%S`
   myCONFIGLINE_temp=`echo $myCONFIGLINE | sed "s/#ss#/$mySECOND/g"`
   myCONFIGLINE=$myCONFIGLINE_temp
  fi

  # IPSEQ关键字，用当前IP的序列号替换，从1开始
  if [ ! -z "`echo "$myCONFIGLINE" | grep '#IPSEQ#'`" ]; then
   myCONFIGLINE_temp=`echo $myCONFIGLINE | sed "s/#IPSEQ#/$IPSEQ/g"`
   myCONFIGLINE=$myCONFIGLINE_temp
  fi

  # 配置文件中有关键字file:::，就调用scp.exp进行文件传送
  if [ "$myKEYWORD"x == "file"x ]; then
   SOURCEFILE=`echo $myCONFIGLINE | awk '{ print $1 }'`
   DESTDIR=`echo $myCONFIGLINE | awk '{ print $2 }'`
   DIRECTION=`echo $myCONFIGLINE | awk '{ print $3 }'`
   $TOOLDIR/scp.exp $IP $USER $PASSWD_USE $PORT $SOURCEFILE $DESTDIR $DIRECTION $BWLIMIT $SCPTIMEOUT

   [ $? -ne 0 ] && echo -e "33[31mSCP Try Out All Password Failed33[0mn"

  # 配置文件中有关键字com:::，就调用ssh.exp进行远程命令执行
  elif [ "$myKEYWORD"x == "com"x ]; then
   $TOOLDIR/ssh.exp $IP $USER $PASSWD_USE $PORT "${myCONFIGLINE}" $SSHTIMEOUT
   [ $? -ne 0 ] && echo -e "33[31mSSH Try Out All Password Failed33[0mn"

  else
   echo "ERROR: configuration wrong! [$eachline] "
   echo "       where KEYWORD should not be [$myKEYWORD], but 'com' or 'file'"
   echo "       if you dont want to run it, you can comment it with '#'"
   echo ""
   exit
  fi

 done < $CONFIG_FILE

done < $IPLIST

ENDDATETIME=`date "+%F %T"`

echo "$BEGINDATETIME -- $ENDDATETIME"
echo "$0 $* --excutes over!"

exit 0